목적격 관계대명사란? who/that을 못 쓰는 경우, 관계대명사를 생략하는 경우/못하는 경우

목적격 관계대명사
 
 목적격 관계대명사는 앞의 명사/대명사를 대신하여 대명사의 역할을 함과 동시에 문장을 연결하는 접속사의 역할을 한
 다. 목적격 관계대명사는 관계사절에서 안에서 목적어의 역할을 한다. 따라서 관계사절에는 목적어가 빠진 ‘주어+동사’가  온다. 목적격 관계 대명사는 사람일 때 whom; 사람, 사물 구별없이 that을 쓴다. 목적격 관계대명사 앞에 전치사가 오면 반드시 whom이나 which를 써야 하며, who나 that을 쓸 수 없다. 목적격 관계대명사는 생략할 수 있다. 그러나 목적격 관계대명사 앞에 전치사가 오면 생략할 수 없다.
          
             I met the teacher. + I like him.
         ⇒ I met the teacher whom[who, that] I like. 나는 내가 좋아하는 선생님을 만났다.
 
            선행사 the teacher가 사람이고, 이어지는 절에서 whom은 like의 목적어 대신 들어간 목적격 관계대명사이므로 목 
           적격 형태인 whom과 that을 쓸 수 있다. whom 대신 who를 써도 된다.
 
 
             Let's look at the writings.+ Rob posted them on his blog. 유리가 블로그에 게시한 글들을 보자.
             → Let's look at the writings which[that] Rob posted on his blog.
 
            which[that] Rob posted on his blog는 선행사 the writings를 꾸며주는 관계대명사절이다. 선행사가 사물이고 관계사절에서 posted의 목적어 역할을 하므로 
             관계대명사 which 또는 that이 쓰인다


 
              He is the person (who/whom/that) I have been waiting for. 그는 내가 기다려 왔던 사람이다.

            수식을 받는 선행사가 사람인 the person이고 관계대명사절에서 전치사 for의 목적어 역할을 하는 목적격 관계대명사여야 하므로 who, whom, that이 쓰일 수  있다.
 
            
 
             This is the hotel in (which) I stayed.    (X)                                    여기가 내가 묵었던 호텔이다.
             = This is the hotel in that I stayed. (X)
 
            전치사 in은 관계대명사 바로 앞에 놓일 수도 있다. 목적격 관계대명사 앞에 전치사가 오면 반드시 whom이나 which를 써야 하며, who나 that을 쓸 수 없다. 


             This is the place. + I hid the key in the place.
             → This is the place which[that] I hid the key in.              이곳이 내가 열쇠를 숨겼던 곳이다.
             → This is the place in which I hid the key.
            
 

            *‘whom’은 격식 있는 표현이고 선행사가 사람인 경우 말할 때에는 목적격 관계대명사는 주로 who 또는 that을 쓰거나 생략한다.
 
 

 
목적격 관계대명사의 생략
 
 

  동사나 전치사의 목적어로 사용된 whom(who), which, that은 생략할 수 있다.
  * 전치사 다음에 오는 명사나 대명사를 전치사의 목적어라고 한다.
 
   다음 취소선이 있는 목적격 관계대명사들은 써도 되고 안 써도 된다. 
 
            I met the teacher whom I like.
 
            I bought a book which he wrote.
 
            He is the best student that I have ever taught.
 
            The man whom you met yesterday is my cousin.
 
            He has no problems that he should worry about.
 
              He is not the man that he was.
 
            This is the book that I found in your desk.
 
            She is the very lady that I wanted to meet.
 
            This is the same book that I bought yesterday.
 
           The talk show was very interesting. + I saw it yesterday.
             - The talk show which I saw yesterday was very interesting.
 
            The movie wasn't good for me. + My girlfriend likes it
             - The movie which my girlfriend likes wasn't good for me.
 
            Have you found the keys? + You lost them.
             - Have you found the keys which you lost?
 
            This is the book. + I've been looking for it.
             - This is the book which I’ve been looking for.
 
            The bread is delicious. + He made it.
             - The bread which he made is delicious.
 
            I met the girl yesterday. + The girl was my friend's sister.
            - The girl whom I met yesterday was my friend's sister.
 
            The woman was away + I wanted to see her.
            - The woman whom I wanted to see was away.
 
           
  
 목적격 관계대명사는 생략할 수 있다. 그러나 목적격 관계대명사 앞에 전치사가 오면 목적격이라도 관계대명사를 생략할 수 없다.
 
 
            This is the house in she lives.
 
             This is the house she lives in.
 
            This is the house which she lives in.
 
             This is the house that she lives in.